Current Impact

Wealth Gap: According to a 2020 Federal Reserve study, the median net worth of white families is $188,200, compared to just $24,100 for Black families, indicating that Black households have roughly 13% of the wealth of white households.
Income Inequality: Black households earn a median income of $45,870, significantly lower than the $74,912 median income of white households, as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau (2021).
Unemployment Rates: The unemployment rate for Black Americans consistently remains about twice as high as that of white Americans, reflecting structural barriers in hiring, promotion, and wage growth.
Home Ownership: In 2021, the homeownership rate among Black Americans was 44%, compared to 74% for white Americans. Discriminatory practices like redlining and predatory lending have historically hindered Black homeownership, a key path to wealth accumulation in the U.S.

Life Expectancy: Black Americans have a lower life expectancy than white Americans, largely due to factors like lower access to healthcare, systemic discrimination, and environmental disparities.
Maternal and Infant Mortality: Black women in the U.S. are three to four times more likely to die from pregnancy-related complications than white women, according to the CDC. Infant mortality rates for Black infants are also nearly double those of white infants.
Chronic Illness: Black Americans have higher rates of chronic illnesses, such as hypertension, diabetes, and asthma, partly due to limited access to healthcare, unhealthy living conditions, and stress from systemic racism.
Mental Health Impact: The chronic stress of discrimination and racial trauma has significant effects on mental health, leading to higher rates of anxiety, depression, and other mental health challenges.

School Funding Gaps: School districts serving predominantly Black and Hispanic students receive $23 billion less in funding than those serving mostly white students, despite having similar numbers of students (EdBuild, 2019).
Disproportionate Discipline: Black students are more likely to face suspensions, expulsions, and even arrests in schools compared to white students, affecting educational outcomes and increasing the likelihood of contact with the criminal justice system.
Educational Attainment: Black students face systemic barriers in attaining higher education, with fewer Black students having access to advanced placement courses and college preparatory resources.
College Debt: Black students take on higher levels of college debt than their white peers and have higher default rates, a lasting impact of limited generational wealth and higher education costs.

Discriminatory Housing Policies: Redlining practices prevented Black Americans from accessing home loans and property in certain neighborhoods, leading to lasting effects on wealth building. Even after redlining was outlawed, Black homeowners still face discrimination in property appraisals and lending.
Land Loss: Black Americans have lost an estimated 90% of their agricultural land between 1910 and 1997, primarily due to discriminatory lending practices, legal manipulation, and predatory land grabs.
Environmental Inequality: Black communities are more likely to live in areas with higher pollution levels, industrial waste, and limited access to clean water and green spaces, leading to health risks and lower property values.

Incarceration Rates: Black Americans are incarcerated at over five times the rate of white Americans, with the prison population reflecting a significant racial bias in the criminal justice system.
Sentencing Disparities: Black defendants face longer sentences than white defendants for similar crimes, as reported by the U.S. Sentencing Commission.
Police Violence: Black Americans are three times more likely to be killed by police than white Americans, a stark illustration of unequal treatment within law enforcement.